Have a look if there is a Fairphone Angel nearby:
There are various things to do, it all depends if you want to continue using the phone or if you only want to retrieve the photos.
To continue using the phone, you either need to find someone who can solder the USB port back (or a new USB port) into place or a replacement of the whole motherboard.
If you just want the photos, you need enough energy to transfer the photos – either wirelessly (Wi-Fi or Bluetooth or upload them to a cloud) or simply by saving them to a microSD card.