I also experienced this (similarly) twice now under LineageOS with microG (see here).
So the phenomenon seems to be OS independent.
I’m also on my first battery, i.e. it’s two years old now. And I was taking pictures at rather low temperatures, which is - same as using GPS navigation - putting extra load on the battery.
So possibly the battery can’t deliver the required voltage, kind of breaks down, but after a short “break” with no or little load continues working fine?
Just guessing though…