Hi, on my next phone I want to be able to run virtual machines using kvm.
Currently my fairphone 5 does not work and I am waiting for support to answer and get a replacement.
Hardware supported virtual machines are possible since android 13 I believe, but of course the hardware also needs to support that.
So three questions:
Hey there. So far I’m not aware of any fully-featured and native hypervisor on Android or any phone, really. There are some propritary apps which use AVF, i.e. Androids Virtualization technology which is available starting with Android 13. I don’t have any experience with those apps or AVF.
But there are also so-called “PRoot Environment” apps (which I used in the past with my FP5) like …
or
They’re nice to play around with but not really up to par when you intend to replace your laptop or anything like this.
Also, to my knowledge, none of them are using (QEMU) KVM. I can’t say how well they perform in terms of any hardware forwarding like graphics acceleration. A Smartphone is just no workstation. Direct File/Exchange does work, though.
I think you might be also a little bit mistaken. Indeed, KVM is available for ARM platforms however not on Android but rather on Linux or Mac OS. Furthermore QEMU/KVM is mostly used to have a virtualized Android running on common x86 machines. Not so much the other way around. Hence you might experience lag of functionality and/or perfromance.
Hello,
I did try once to run an emulator, but my aim was to run Android 32bit. Experience was not successful.
For Linux experience on the Fairphone, I switch OS and install Ubuntu Touch. 
Why are you thinking of Virtual Machine? Do you have a specific usecase, or is it just for checking if it works? 
This is not true. AFAIU since android 13 google delivers an extended KVM experience (called pKVM) in android base AOSP.
E.g. see KVM for Android [LWN.net]
The google pixel devices are supported at least since pixel 6a.
True, that is why I would like to have experiences reports (or some benchmarks) if and how well a “sub-android” runs in the device.
I want to keep a google certified base system and be able to run apps completely isolated from it. Maybe the minimal VMs google envisions are enough, but i certainly would like to run another OS as well.
I don’t think CPU and RAM of FP5 will be sufficient to run KVM machines properly, especially if they use another CPU architecture 
And probably the same will hold for other smartphones, too. I use KVM on a Linux box with 6 CPU cores and 64 GB RAM so I can comfortably run e.g. Windows in a VM.
I am mostly looking for android as guest system.
A driving use case is running apps with stronger isolation than what is normal/possible with a certified google android. And if possible without rebooting.
Id like to be able to install software which needs the device to be rooted (but without rooting).
My apologies I should have been more specific but I was too lazy.
Your right, KVM is native to Linux since pretty much for ever (kernel 2.6…). And so is Android in a way.
Development for bringing that to the masses was full steam ahead during 2020 and indeed it seems by now they’ve succeeded. But even your article (thanks for the link, it was a really interesting read) states that they were rather aiming for the kernel 5.9. or even 5.11.
“The project is the top contributor to KVM for arm64 for the 5.9 and 5.10 kernels;…”
“The EL2 code needs to be self-contained and safe against a compromised host, which is not the case for kernels prior to 5.9…”
“The protected KVM project has some patches that it is targeting for Linux 5.11”
The latter (i.e. 5.11) was what I found confirmed in more recent posts (2024). I don’t have any hard proof or first-hand experience in that regard, though. It seems more or less only Google’s Pixel phones which use more recent kernels do provide this feature at the moment.
So far, last time I checked FP5 was still using kernel 5.4 (Android 13)…
~ $ uname -a
Linux localhost 5.4.219-qgki... #1 SMP PREEMPT Sun Jun 9 22:05:43 CST 2024 aarch64 Android
I don’t have ar rooted phone to check out
~ $ ls -l /dev/kvm
or
~ $ ls -l /dev/pkvm
No such file or directory
No such file or directory
EDIT:
adb shell ls -l /dev
total 8
crw------- 1 root root 241, 4 1970-01-30 00:26 0:0:0:0
crw------- 1 root root 241, 5 1970-01-30 00:26 0:0:0:1
crw------- 1 root root 241, 6 1970-01-30 00:26 0:0:0:2
crw------- 1 root root 241, 7 1970-01-30 00:26 0:0:0:3
crw------- 1 root root 241, 8 1970-01-30 00:26 0:0:0:4
crw------- 1 root root 241, 2 1970-01-30 00:26 0:0:0:49456
crw------- 1 system system 241, 1 1970-01-30 00:26 0:0:0:49476
crw------- 1 root root 241, 0 1970-01-30 00:26 0:0:0:49488
crw------- 1 root root 241, 9 1970-01-30 00:26 0:0:0:5
drwx--x--x 2 root root 8900 1970-01-30 00:26 __properties__
crw-rw-r-- 1 system system 510, 0 1970-01-30 00:26 adsprpc-smd
crw-r--r-- 1 system system 510, 1 1970-01-30 00:26 adsprpc-smd-secure
crw------- 1 root root 236, 1 1970-01-30 00:26 apr_apps2
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root 10, 126 1970-01-30 00:26 ashmem
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root 10, 126 1970-01-30 00:26 ashmem9bed48a4-cefa-4d2c-8888-2c4a6395656e
crw-r----- 1 radio radio 236, 0 1970-01-30 00:26 at_mdm0
crw-r----- 1 radio radio 480, 0 2025-06-11 09:56 at_usb0
crw------- 1 root root 480, 1 2025-06-11 09:56 at_usb1
crw------- 1 root root 480, 2 2025-06-11 09:56 at_usb2
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root 10, 117 1970-01-30 00:26 aw882xx_smartpa
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 20 1970-01-30 00:26 binder -> /dev/binderfs/binder
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 1970-01-30 00:26 binderfs
dr-xr-xr-x 3 system system 0 1970-01-30 00:26 blkio
drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 4240 2025-06-11 09:57 block
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 60 1970-01-30 00:26 boringssl
crw-rw---- 1 bluetooth system 481, 0 2025-06-11 09:56 btfmslim
crw-rw---- 1 bluetooth system 484, 0 1970-01-30 00:26 btpower
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 60 1970-01-30 00:26 bus
crw-rw---- 1 system vendor_qdss 490, 0 1970-01-30 00:26 byte-cntr
crw------- 1 root root 479, 1 2025-06-11 09:56 ccid_bulk
crw------- 1 root root 479, 0 2025-06-11 09:56 ccid_ctrl
d????????? ? ? ? ? ? cgroup_info
crw------- 1 root root 5, 1 1970-01-30 00:26 console
crw------- 1 root root 493, 0 1970-01-30 00:26 coresight-stm
crw------- 1 root root 10, 124 1970-01-30 00:26 coresight-tmc-etf
crw------- 1 root root 10, 122 1970-01-30 00:26 coresight-tmc-etr
crw------- 1 root root 10, 125 1970-01-30 00:26 cpu_dma_latency
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 10 1970-01-30 00:26 cpu_variant:arm
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 7 1970-01-30 00:26 cpu_variant:arm64
dr-xr-xr-x 11 system system 0 1970-01-30 00:26 cpuctl
dr-xr-xr-x 9 system system 0 1970-01-30 00:26 cpuset
crw------- 1 root root 251, 0 1970-01-30 00:26 dcc_sram
crw------- 1 root root 10, 236 1970-01-30 00:26 device-mapper
crw-rw---- 1 usb usb 505, 1 2025-06-11 09:56 dpl_ctrl
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 80 1970-01-30 00:26 dri
-????????? ? ? ? ? ? event-log-tags
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 13 1970-01-30 00:26 fd -> /proc/self/fd
dr-xr-x--- 1 shell system 0 2025-06-11 09:56 ffs-diag
dr-xr-x--- 1 shell system 0 2025-06-11 09:56 ffs-diag-1
dr-xr-x--- 1 shell system 0 2025-06-11 09:56 ffs-diag-2
crw-rw---- 1 system system 504, 0 1970-01-30 00:26 focaltech_fp
drwxrwx--- 2 root system 60 2025-06-11 09:57 fscklogs
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root 1, 7 1970-01-30 00:26 full
crw------- 1 root root 10, 229 1970-01-30 00:26 fuse
crw------- 1 root root 254, 0 1970-01-30 00:26 gpiochip0
crw------- 1 root root 254, 1 1970-01-30 00:26 gpiochip1
crw------- 1 root root 254, 2 1970-01-30 00:26 gpiochip2
crw------- 1 root root 254, 3 1970-01-30 00:26 gpiochip3
crw------- 1 root root 254, 4 1970-01-30 00:26 gpiochip4
crw------- 1 root root 254, 5 2025-06-11 09:56 gpiochip5
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root 10, 121 1970-01-30 00:26 gtp_tools
crw------- 1 root root 229, 0 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc0
crw------- 1 root root 229, 1 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc1
crw------- 1 root root 229, 10 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc10
crw------- 1 root root 229, 11 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc11
crw------- 1 root root 229, 12 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc12
crw------- 1 root root 229, 13 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc13
crw------- 1 root root 229, 14 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc14
crw------- 1 root root 229, 15 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc15
crw------- 1 root root 229, 16 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc16
crw------- 1 root root 229, 17 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc17
crw------- 1 root root 229, 18 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc18
crw------- 1 root root 229, 19 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc19
crw------- 1 root root 229, 2 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc2
crw------- 1 root root 229, 20 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc20
crw------- 1 root root 229, 21 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc21
crw------- 1 root root 229, 22 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc22
crw------- 1 root root 229, 23 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc23
crw------- 1 root root 229, 24 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc24
crw------- 1 root root 229, 25 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc25
crw------- 1 root root 229, 26 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc26
crw------- 1 root root 229, 27 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc27
crw------- 1 root root 229, 28 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc28
crw------- 1 root root 229, 29 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc29
crw------- 1 root root 229, 3 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc3
crw------- 1 root root 229, 30 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc30
crw------- 1 root root 229, 31 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc31
crw------- 1 root root 229, 32 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc32
crw------- 1 root root 229, 33 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc33
crw------- 1 root root 229, 34 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc34
crw------- 1 root root 229, 35 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc35
crw------- 1 root root 229, 36 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc36
crw------- 1 root root 229, 37 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc37
crw------- 1 root root 229, 38 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc38
crw------- 1 root root 229, 39 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc39
crw------- 1 root root 229, 4 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc4
crw------- 1 root root 229, 40 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc40
crw------- 1 root root 229, 41 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc41
crw------- 1 root root 229, 42 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc42
crw------- 1 root root 229, 43 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc43
crw------- 1 root root 229, 44 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc44
crw------- 1 root root 229, 45 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc45
crw------- 1 root root 229, 46 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc46
crw------- 1 root root 229, 47 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc47
crw------- 1 root root 229, 48 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc48
crw------- 1 root root 229, 49 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc49
crw------- 1 root root 229, 5 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc5
crw------- 1 root root 229, 50 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc50
crw------- 1 root root 229, 51 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc51
crw------- 1 root root 229, 52 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc52
crw------- 1 root root 229, 53 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc53
crw------- 1 root root 229, 54 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc54
crw------- 1 root root 229, 55 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc55
crw------- 1 root root 229, 56 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc56
crw------- 1 root root 229, 57 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc57
crw------- 1 root root 229, 58 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc58
crw------- 1 root root 229, 59 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc59
crw------- 1 root root 229, 6 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc6
crw------- 1 root root 229, 60 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc60
crw------- 1 root root 229, 61 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc61
crw------- 1 root root 229, 62 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc62
crw------- 1 root root 229, 63 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc63
crw------- 1 root root 229, 7 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc7
crw------- 1 root root 229, 8 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc8
crw------- 1 root root 229, 9 1970-01-30 00:26 hvc9
cr-------- 1 prng_seeder prng_seeder 10, 183 1970-01-30 00:26 hw_random
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 22 1970-01-30 00:26 hwbinder -> /dev/binderfs/hwbinder
crw------- 1 root root 89, 0 1970-01-30 00:26 i2c-0
crw------- 1 root root 89, 1 1970-01-30 00:26 i2c-1
crw------- 1 root root 89, 2 1970-01-30 00:26 i2c-2
crw------- 1 root root 89, 3 1970-01-30 00:26 i2c-3
crw------- 1 root root 89, 4 1970-01-30 00:26 i2c-4
crw-rw-r-- 1 system system 243, 0 1970-01-30 00:26 iio:device0
crw-rw-r-- 1 system system 243, 1 1970-01-30 00:26 iio:device1
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 200 2025-06-11 09:56 input
crw-rw-r-- 1 system system 10, 127 1970-01-30 00:26 ion
crw-rw---- 1 radio radio 496, 0 1970-01-30 00:26 ipa
crw------- 1 root root 487, 0 1970-01-30 00:26 ipaIpv6CTTable
crw-rw---- 1 radio radio 488, 0 1970-01-30 00:26 ipaNatTable
crw-rw---- 1 system vendor_adpl_odl 495, 0 1970-01-30 00:26 ipa_adpl
crw-rw---- 1 radio radio 494, 0 1970-01-30 00:26 ipa_odl_ctl
crw------- 1 root root 486, 0 1970-01-30 00:26 ipa_tethering_bridge
crw-rw-rw- 1 system system 509, 0 1970-01-30 00:26 kgsl-3d0
crw--w---- 1 root system 1, 11 1970-01-30 00:26 kmsg
crw------- 1 root root 10, 237 1970-01-30 00:26 loop-control
crw-rw---- 1 system camera 245, 0 1970-01-30 00:26 media0
crw-rw---- 1 system camera 245, 1 1970-01-30 00:26 media1
crw-rw-r-- 1 system system 239, 0 1970-01-30 00:26 membuf
dr-xr-xr-x 4 root root 0 1970-01-30 00:26 memcg
crw------- 1 root root 256, 0 1970-01-30 00:26 msm-rng
crw-rw---- 1 system audio 10, 113 1970-01-30 00:26 msm_aac
crw-rw---- 1 system audio 10, 116 1970-01-30 00:26 msm_aac_in
crw-rw---- 1 system audio 10, 112 1970-01-30 00:26 msm_alac
crw-rw---- 1 system audio 10, 111 1970-01-30 00:26 msm_amrnb
crw-rw---- 1 system audio 10, 115 1970-01-30 00:26 msm_amrnb_in
crw-rw---- 1 system audio 10, 110 1970-01-30 00:26 msm_amrwb
crw-rw---- 1 system audio 10, 114 1970-01-30 00:26 msm_amrwb_in
crw-rw---- 1 system audio 10, 109 1970-01-30 00:26 msm_amrwbplus
crw-rw---- 1 system audio 10, 108 1970-01-30 00:26 msm_ape
crw-rw---- 1 system audio 10, 120 1970-01-30 00:26 msm_audio_cal
crw-rw---- 1 system audio 10, 107 1970-01-30 00:26 msm_evrc
crw-rw---- 1 system audio 10, 98 1970-01-30 00:26 msm_evrc_in
crw------- 1 root root 10, 106 1970-01-30 00:26 msm_g711alaw
crw------- 1 root root 10, 97 1970-01-30 00:26 msm_g711alaw_in
crw------- 1 root root 10, 105 1970-01-30 00:26 msm_g711mlaw
crw------- 1 root root 10, 96 1970-01-30 00:26 msm_g711mlaw_in
crw------- 1 root root 489, 0 1970-01-30 00:26 msm_hdcp
crw-rw---- 1 system audio 10, 104 1970-01-30 00:26 msm_hweffects
crw------- 1 root root 10, 103 1970-01-30 00:26 msm_mp3
crw-rw---- 1 system audio 10, 102 1970-01-30 00:26 msm_multi_aac
crw-rw---- 1 system audio 10, 101 1970-01-30 00:26 msm_qcelp
crw-rw---- 1 system audio 10, 95 1970-01-30 00:26 msm_qcelp_in
crw-rw---- 1 system audio 10, 119 1970-01-30 00:26 msm_rtac
crw------- 1 root root 250, 0 1970-01-30 00:26 msm_sps
crw-rw---- 1 system audio 10, 100 1970-01-30 00:26 msm_wma
crw-rw---- 1 system audio 10, 99 1970-01-30 00:26 msm_wmapro
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 60 1970-01-30 00:26 net
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root 1, 3 1970-01-30 00:26 null
c-w--w--w- 1 root log 252, 0 1970-01-30 00:26 pmsg0
crw-rw---- 1 radio vpn 108, 0 1970-01-30 00:26 ppp
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root 5, 2 2025-06-11 10:01 ptmx
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 1970-01-30 00:26 pts
crw-rw---- 1 system drmrpc 491, 0 1970-01-30 00:26 qce
crw-rw---- 1 system drmrpc 508, 0 1970-01-30 00:26 qseecom
crw-rw---- 1 system system 499, 0 1970-01-30 00:26 qvr_external_sensor_ioctl
crw-r----- 1 system system 237, 7 1970-01-30 00:26 ramdump_a660_zap
crw-r----- 1 system system 237, 15 1970-01-30 00:26 ramdump_adsp
crw-r----- 1 system system 237, 1 1970-01-30 00:26 ramdump_adsp_rh
crw-r----- 1 system system 237, 21 1970-01-30 00:26 ramdump_cdsp
crw-r----- 1 system system 237, 2 1970-01-30 00:26 ramdump_cdsp_minidump
crw-r----- 1 system system 237, 8 1970-01-30 00:26 ramdump_md_a660_zap
crw-r----- 1 system system 237, 16 1970-01-30 00:26 ramdump_md_adsp
crw-r----- 1 system system 237, 22 1970-01-30 00:26 ramdump_md_cdsp
crw-r----- 1 system system 237, 20 1970-01-30 00:26 ramdump_md_modem
crw-r----- 1 system system 237, 4 1970-01-30 00:26 ramdump_md_trustedvm
crw-r----- 1 system system 237, 24 1970-01-30 00:26 ramdump_md_venus
crw-r----- 1 system system 237, 18 1970-01-30 00:26 ramdump_md_wpss
crw-r----- 1 system system 237, 6 1970-01-30 00:26 ramdump_md_yupik_ipa_fws
crw-r----- 1 system system 237, 0 1970-01-30 00:26 ramdump_microdump_modem
crw-r----- 1 system system 237, 19 1970-01-30 00:26 ramdump_modem
crw-r----- 1 system system 237, 3 1970-01-30 00:26 ramdump_trustedvm
crw-r----- 1 system system 237, 23 1970-01-30 00:26 ramdump_venus
crw-r----- 1 system system 237, 14 1970-01-30 00:26 ramdump_wcnss_PHYAPDMEM
crw-r----- 1 system system 237, 13 1970-01-30 00:26 ramdump_wcnss_WCSSDBG
crw-r----- 1 system system 237, 10 1970-01-30 00:26 ramdump_wcnss_phyareg
crw-r----- 1 system system 237, 11 1970-01-30 00:26 ramdump_wcnss_phydbg
crw-r----- 1 system system 237, 12 1970-01-30 00:26 ramdump_wcnss_wmac0reg
crw-r----- 1 system system 237, 9 1970-01-30 00:26 ramdump_wcss_msa0
crw-r----- 1 system system 237, 17 1970-01-30 00:26 ramdump_wpss
crw-r----- 1 system system 237, 5 1970-01-30 00:26 ramdump_yupik_ipa_fws
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root 1, 8 1970-01-30 00:26 random
crw------- 1 root root 483, 2 1970-01-30 00:26 rdbg_adsp
crw------- 1 root root 483, 5 1970-01-30 00:26 rdbg_cdsp
crw------- 1 root root 483, 1 1970-01-30 00:26 rdbg_modem
crw------- 1 root root 483, 4 1970-01-30 00:26 rdbg_wcnss
crw------- 1 root root 10, 242 1970-01-30 00:26 rfkill
crw-rw---- 1 usb usb 505, 0 2025-06-11 09:56 rmnet_ctrl
crw-rw---- 1 system system 246, 0 1970-01-30 00:26 rtc0
crw------- 1 root root 21, 0 1970-01-30 00:26 sg0
crw------- 1 root root 21, 1 1970-01-30 00:26 sg1
crw------- 1 root root 21, 2 1970-01-30 00:26 sg2
crw------- 1 root root 21, 3 1970-01-30 00:26 sg3
crw------- 1 root root 21, 4 1970-01-30 00:26 sg4
crw------- 1 root root 21, 5 1970-01-30 00:26 sg5
crw------- 1 root root 21, 6 1970-01-30 00:26 sg6
crw------- 1 root root 21, 7 1970-01-30 00:26 sg7
crw------- 1 root root 21, 8 1970-01-30 00:26 sg8
crw-rw---- 1 system drmrpc 238, 0 1970-01-30 00:26 smcinvoke
crw-rw---- 1 radio radio 236, 5 1970-01-30 00:26 smd11
crw-rw---- 1 bluetooth bluetooth 236, 3 1970-01-30 00:26 smd7
crw------- 1 root root 236, 4 1970-01-30 00:26 smd8
crw-r----- 1 radio radio 236, 2 1970-01-30 00:26 smdcntl8
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 1420 2025-06-11 09:56 snd
drwxr-xr-x 12 root root 1040 2025-06-11 09:58 socket
crw-rw---- 1 nfc nfc 10, 118 1970-01-30 00:26 st21nfc
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 1970-01-30 00:26 stderr -> /proc/self/fd/2
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 1970-01-30 00:26 stdin -> /proc/self/fd/0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 1970-01-30 00:26 stdout -> /proc/self/fd/1
crw-rw-rw- 1 system system 10, 123 1970-01-30 00:26 stmvl53l1_ranging
crw-r----- 1 system system 492, 2 1970-01-30 00:26 subsys_a660_zap
crw-r----- 1 system system 492, 3 1970-01-30 00:26 subsys_adsp
crw-r----- 1 system system 492, 6 1970-01-30 00:26 subsys_cdsp
crw-r----- 1 system system 492, 5 1970-01-30 00:26 subsys_modem
crw-r----- 1 system system 492, 0 1970-01-30 00:26 subsys_trustedvm
crw-r----- 1 system system 492, 7 1970-01-30 00:26 subsys_venus
crw-r----- 1 system system 492, 4 1970-01-30 00:26 subsys_wpss
crw-r----- 1 system system 492, 1 1970-01-30 00:26 subsys_yupik_ipa_fws
crw-rw---- 1 root camera 503, 0 1970-01-30 00:26 synx_device
drwxr-xr-x 4 system system 80 1970-01-30 00:26 sys
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root 5, 0 1970-01-30 00:26 tty
crw------- 1 root root 235, 0 1970-01-30 00:26 ttyEUD0
crw-rw---- 1 bluetooth net_bt 511, 0 2025-06-11 10:02 ttyHS0
crw------- 1 root root 234, 0 1970-01-30 00:26 ttyMSM0
crw-rw---- 1 system vpn 10, 200 1970-01-30 00:26 tun
crw------- 1 root root 241, 3 1970-01-30 00:26 ufs-bsg0
crw-rw---- 1 uhid uhid 10, 239 1970-01-30 00:26 uhid
crw-rw---- 1 uhid uhid 10, 223 1970-01-30 00:26 uinput
crw-rw---- 1 system system 507, 0 1970-01-30 00:26 uio0
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root 1, 9 1970-01-30 00:26 urandom
drwxrwxr-x 5 shell system 100 2025-06-11 09:56 usb-ffs
crw-rw---- 1 root usb 10, 94 2025-06-11 09:56 usb_accessory
crw-rw---- 1 system camera 81, 4 1970-01-30 00:26 v4l-subdev0
crw-rw---- 1 system camera 81, 5 1970-01-30 00:26 v4l-subdev1
crw-rw---- 1 system camera 81, 14 1970-01-30 00:26 v4l-subdev10
crw-rw---- 1 system camera 81, 15 1970-01-30 00:26 v4l-subdev11
crw-rw---- 1 system camera 81, 16 1970-01-30 00:26 v4l-subdev12
crw-rw---- 1 system camera 81, 17 1970-01-30 00:26 v4l-subdev13
crw-rw---- 1 system camera 81, 18 1970-01-30 00:26 v4l-subdev14
crw-rw---- 1 system camera 81, 19 1970-01-30 00:26 v4l-subdev15
crw-rw---- 1 system camera 81, 20 1970-01-30 00:26 v4l-subdev16
crw-rw---- 1 system camera 81, 21 1970-01-30 00:26 v4l-subdev17
crw-rw---- 1 system camera 81, 22 1970-01-30 00:26 v4l-subdev18
crw-rw---- 1 system camera 81, 23 1970-01-30 00:26 v4l-subdev19
crw-rw---- 1 system camera 81, 6 1970-01-30 00:26 v4l-subdev2
crw-rw---- 1 system camera 81, 24 1970-01-30 00:26 v4l-subdev20
crw-rw---- 1 system camera 81, 25 1970-01-30 00:26 v4l-subdev21
crw-rw---- 1 system camera 81, 7 1970-01-30 00:26 v4l-subdev3
crw-rw---- 1 system camera 81, 8 1970-01-30 00:26 v4l-subdev4
crw-rw---- 1 system camera 81, 9 1970-01-30 00:26 v4l-subdev5
crw-rw---- 1 system camera 81, 10 1970-01-30 00:26 v4l-subdev6
crw-rw---- 1 system camera 81, 11 1970-01-30 00:26 v4l-subdev7
crw-rw---- 1 system camera 81, 12 1970-01-30 00:26 v4l-subdev8
crw-rw---- 1 system camera 81, 13 1970-01-30 00:26 v4l-subdev9
crw-rw---- 1 system camera 81, 2 1970-01-30 00:26 video0
crw-rw---- 1 system camera 81, 3 1970-01-30 00:26 video1
crw-rw---- 1 system camera 81, 0 1970-01-30 00:26 video32
crw-rw---- 1 system camera 81, 1 1970-01-30 00:26 video33
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 23 1970-01-30 00:26 vndbinder -> /dev/binderfs/vndbinder
crw-rw---- 1 wifi wifi 482, 0 1970-01-30 00:26 wlan
crw-rw---- 1 radio radio 485, 0 1970-01-30 00:26 wwan_ioctl
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root 1, 5 1970-01-30 00:26 zero