Yes, I would also agree to your statement.
…see…
If possible have a try and replace the provided cable of the microphone with another fitting cable and connect it to your computer.
These cables have a good availability although they are not so common anymore as the successor µUSB is also shifting already for USB-C.
Does it still work?
It could be that this delivered cable is specifically made for the device.
It could also be that it is manufactured and made as a USB OTG (on-the-go) adapter and the microphone therefore works with your friends phone.
Computers usually power any connected USB device, hence -> bus powered and the device is expected to operate with it.
Your FP2 can also handle OTG connected devices, but not every adapter (cable) will work as there are different USB implementations of how to enable different phones to give out power to the USB connector.
Actually to find a working adapter it’s more or less trial and error if not having someone who can custom build one specifically for your FP2. You could also search through this forum as there were other users in the past who already was into this OTG issue but also successful in finding a working adapter. Here some background.
At the end it’s still about charging the phone. Some can do both, charge while supplying power to the µUSB port. But I believe FP2 cannot, so you would be limited to your battery runtime.
I am not sure if you in any way have to enable the USB debugging mode in the developer settings.
Settings->scroll all down-Developer options(have to be enabled first)->USB debugging.